The world of traditional Western Ceremonial Magick enjoyed a renaissance during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Groups like the Theosophical Society, the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, Ordo Templi Orientis, and the Builders of the Adytum sought to bridge esoteric philosophy with practical spiritual work.

Here is a brief overview of a few major characters from this period of time.

The Kitab al-Bulhan, or "Book of Wonders," is a compendium of medieval Islamic esoteric knowledge compiled in the late 14th or early 15th century. This manuscript is a remarkable window into the confluence of astrology, astronomy, geomancy, and folklore within the Islamic scholarly tradition.